The demographic shift in the European Union is set to take place in 2029. In that year, the population of the Old Continent will begin to decline inexorably. This will be the first time since prehistoric times, excluding epidemics or wars. In a report on this upheaval published on Tuesday 14 July, the European Commission considers it futile to try to reverse the trend but necessary, however, to adapt public policies to the considerable impact that this new reality will have not only on economic growth potential but also on the labour market, healthcare, housing and the public finances of Member States.